1. Toyota Land Cruiser 76

Toyota Land Cruiser (J200) Overview Manufacturer Production 1951–present Body and chassis / The Toyota Land Cruiser (: トヨタ ランドクルーザー, Toyota Rando-kurūzā) is a series of vehicles produced by the Japanese car maker. It is Toyota's longest running series.

Production of the first generation Land Cruiser began in 1951 (90 units) as Toyota's version of a -like vehicle. The Land Cruiser has been produced in, hardtop, and versions.

The Land Cruiser's reliability and longevity has led to huge popularity, especially in where it is the best-selling, four-wheel drive vehicle. Toyota also extensively tests the Land Cruiser in the – considered to be one of the toughest operating environments in both temperature and terrain. In Japan, the Land Cruiser is exclusive to Toyota Japanese dealerships called. As of 2018, the Land Cruiser J200 is available in most markets.

Exceptions include, (of whose markets have the available), and large parts of. In, the only countries that officially sell the Land Cruiser 200 are:, and.

Contents. Origin When the occupied the in 1941 they found an old and promptly sent it to Japan.

The Japanese military authorities ordered Toyota to produce a similar vehicle but to alter the appearance. The resulting Model AK prototype led to the Yon-Shiki Kogata Kamotsu-Sha (式 type 4 compact cargo-truck). Later in 1941 the instructed Toyota to produce a light truck for Japan's military. In 1942, Toyota developed the AK10 prototype by a. The half-ton truck features an upright front grille, flat front wheel arches that angled down and back like the FJ40, headlights mounted above the wheel arches on either side of the radiator, and a folding windshield.

The AK10 is powered by the 2259 cc, 4-cylinder engine from the coupled to a three-speed and two-speed transfer gearbox. Unlike the U.S. Jeep, few AK10's were ever used and photographs of them in the battlefield are rare.

In June 1954, responding to claims of trademark violation by the Willys Company that produced the original Jeep, then Director of Technology Hanji Umehara renamed this 4-wheeled vehicle as the Land Cruiser. The postwar Toyota 'Jeep' BJ is completely different from the AK10 and inherits no mechanical parts from it. Off-road oriented models BJ and FJ (1951–1955) BJ and FJ Overview Production 1951–1955 Assembly, Japan Body and chassis 2-door Powertrain. 3.4 L. 3.9 L I6 Dimensions 2,650 mm (104.3 in). 1950 – The created demand for a military light utility vehicle. The war put a on Japan's doorstep.

The ordered 100 vehicles with the new specs and was asked to build them. 1951 – The Toyota 'Jeep' BJ prototype was developed in January 1951. This came from the demand for military-type utility vehicles, much like the British Series 1 that appeared in 1948.

The Jeep BJ was larger than the original U.S. Jeep and more powerful thanks to its 3.4 L six-cylinder which generated 63 kW (86 PS; 84 hp) at 3600 and 215 N⋅m (159 lb⋅ft) at 1600 rpm. It had a part-time four-wheel drive system like the Jeep. Unlike the Jeep, however, the Jeep BJ had no low-range. 1951 – In July 1951, Toyota's test driver Ichiro Taira drove the next generation of the Jeep BJ prototype up to the sixth stage of, the first vehicle to climb that high. The test was overseen by the (NPA). Impressed by this feat, the NPA quickly placed an order for 289 of these offroad vehicles, making the Jeep BJ their official patrol car.

1953 – Regular production of the 'Toyota Jeep BJ' began at Toyota Honsya Plant (Rolling chassis assembly), and body assembly and painting was done at Arakawa Bankin Kogyo KK, later known as (now an affiliate of Toyota Auto Body Co.). The 'Toyota Jeep BJ' Series was introduced alongside the following:. BJ-T (Touring),. BJ-R (Radio),. BJ-J (Cowl-chassis for a fire-engine).

1954 — The name 'Land Cruiser' was created by the technical director Hanji Umehara. 'In England we had another competitor —. I had to come up with a name for our car that would not sound less dignified than those of our competitors.

That is why I decided to call it 'Land Cruiser',' he recalls. The name had already been used on the from 1934 to 1954. 1954 – The 93 kW (126 PS; 125 hp), 3.9 L gasoline engine added for the fire-engine chassis. Models are renamed as:. BJ-T (Touring),. BJ-R (Radio),.

BJ-J (Cowl-chassis for a fire-engine),. FJ-J (Cowl-chassis for a fire-engine). J20, J30 (1955–1960) J20/J30 Overview Also called Toyota Bandeirante (Brazil) Production 1955–1960 Assembly. 2,285 mm (90.0 in). 2,430 mm (95.7 in). 2,650 mm (104.3 in).

1955 – The Second generation, 20 Series was introduced. It was designed to have more civilian appeal than the BJ for export reasons. It also had more stylish bodywork and a better ride thanks to longer four-plate leaf springs which had been adapted from the Toyota Light. It had a more powerful 135 PS (99 kW) 3.9 L six-cylinder gasoline engine, but still only had a three speed gearbox. The interior of the vehicles were made more comfortable by moving the engine 120 mm (4.7 in) forward.

The 20 Series still had no low range, but it had synchronism on the third and fourth gears. 1957 – A 4-door Station Wagon was added as the FJ35V on a 2,650 mm (104.3 in). Land Cruisers were first imported into Australia by B&D Motors as FJ25/28 cab chassis with Australian made bodies.

They were the first Japanese cars to be regularly exported to the country and a few were initially used in the Snowy Mountains Hydroelectric Scheme, by sub contractor Theiss Constructions. 1958 – FJ25 production commenced in; this being the first Toyota vehicle built outside Japan. These were sold as the 'Toyota Bandeirante' from January 1962 when the Toyota petrol engine was replaced with a Mercedes-Benz diesel engine. The FJ25 models were buiilt until August 1968 in Brazil.

Production numbers were fairly low; in 1965 the total came to 961 vehicles. Main article:. 1960 – The 20 Series was upgraded to the now classic. Toyota made many production changes by buying new steel presses. Mechanically, the FJ40 was given a new 93 kW (126 PS; 125 hp), 3.9 L engine and the Land Cruiser finally received low-range gearing, but continued the three speed main gearbox. 1965 – Global production surpassed 50,000 vehicles.

The Land Cruiser was the best selling Toyota in the United States. 1968 – The 100,000th Land Cruiser was sold worldwide. Brazilian J40 production, as the Bandeirante, commenced in September.

This received a -built generating 58 kW (79 PS; 78 hp). 1972 – The 200,000th Land Cruiser was sold worldwide. 1973 – The 300,000th Land Cruiser was sold worldwide. The first diesel Land Cruiser was introduced for export on long models with a six-cylinder engine. 1974 – A 3.0 L diesel was offered.

The introduction of this engine boosted sales in Japan by putting the Land Cruiser in a lower tax compact freight-car category than its 3.9 L version. Note: the new was different from the used in the original BJ. 1975 – The 3.9 L gasoline engine was replaced by a larger, more powerful 4.2 L unit.

The FJ55 received front disc brakes. The 3.6 L diesel engine was optional in some markets in the HJ45. 1976 – United States-version FJ40 Land Cruisers received front disc brakes like the FJ55. The Toyota Land Cruiser Association was founded in. 1977 – The took delivery of the first of 77 FJ45 Land Cruisers. Although fast, reliable and with good off-road performance the type tended to rust excessively in the wet Irish climate. A few which did not succumb to the effects of weather were repainted in gloss olive green and survive as ceremonial gun tractors at military funerals.

1978 – The first BJ / FJ40 and FJ55 models were officially sold in West Germany with both diesel (BJ40) and petrol engines (FJ40 /55). 1979 – United States-version FJ40s were updated this year with a new wider, square bezel surrounding the. And were offered in FJ40s for the first time The diesel engine was improved, evolving into the 3.2 L only in Japan.

1980 – The H diesel engine (HJ45) was replaced by the 4.0 L engine (now with chassis code HJ47). 1981 – the Diesel version received front disc brakes and the more powerful 3.4 L engine, and added LWB BJ45 with 3B. 1983 – the last FJ40s imported to the U.S. Were 1983 models (mid-1982 to mid-1983). It is unknown how many were imported by Toyota, but many guess the number to be around 300. 1983 FJ40s typically bring a premium for their rarity, though they are not much different from 1982 models (mid-1981 to mid-1982). 1984 – the North American market was limited to Canada with the BJ42, which had a 5-speed (overdrive) transmission that was widely sought.

Originally around 14,000. 2,310 mm (90.9 in). 2,600 mm (102.4 in). 2,730 mm (107.5 in).

2,980 mm (117.3 in). 3,180 mm (125.2 in) Length 4,995 mm (196.7 in) Width 1,870 mm (73.6 in) Height 2,070 mm (81.5 in).

1984 – was introduced as a soft-top, hard-top, top, utility, cab-chassis, and Troop Carrier (inward facing rear seats).The petrol engine was replaced with a 4.0 L 3F engine. The 70 Light had a four-wheel coil spring solid-axle suspension for better ride quality. This lighter duty version of the Land Cruiser had the 22R 2.4 L, 2L and 2L-T (turbo) 2.4 L commonly found in the. The 70 Light was sold in some markets as the Bundera or the Landcruiser II, later called 70 Prado. The 70 Prado eventually became popular and evolved into the. An (A440F) was introduced making it the first Japanese vehicle with an.

1990 – New-generation diesel engines were introduced including a 3.4 L five-cylinder SOHC naturally aspirated motor (1PZ), and a 4.2 L naturally aspirated motor. 1993 to 1996 – the KZ 3.0 L turbocharged diesel engine replaced the LJ in the 70 series in European markets where this model was known as the KZJ70. 1993 – An advanced 24-valve, 4.5 L six-cylinder petrol engine, 1FZ-FE was introduced.

1999 – Toyota updated the 70 series in several ways. The solid front axle received coil-spring suspension. The rear leaf springs were lengthened for increased ride comfort and wheel travel. The six-bolt wheels were replaced with five-bolt wheels.

Several smaller modifications to the drivetrain provided increased durability. The long-wheel-base models received new designations: 78 for the troop carrier, and 79 for the pick-up. 2002 — HDJ79 is introduced to Australia with the 1HD-FTE 4.2 L six-cylinder 24-valve EFI engine. 2007 – Toyota's first turbodiesel, the was released in some countries for the 70 Series Land Cruiser. Other modifications include the addition of a 4-door medium-wheel-base model (the 76) and an altered front look on all models. 2012 – Addition of the 79 Double Cab pickup, in South Africa (4.2 L Diesel or 4.0 L Petrol) and Australia (4.5 L V8 Diesel). The Sixth and Seventh generations of the Land Cruiser are still being produced and sold in African and Latin American regions.

Production in Venezuela ended in 2008. The 70 series is also still marketed in Australia as 4-door wagon, 2-door 'Troop Carrier', 2 door cab-chassis and 4 door cab-chassis. The 2014-15 30th Anniversary Series 70 sold in Japan as a 4-door wagon or 4-door pickup with the 1GR-FE V6 petrol engine and 5 speed manual transmission. 3.9 L.

4.2 L I6 3- or 4-speed (J30, H41 or H42) Dimensions 2,700 mm (106.3 in) Length 4,675 mm (184.1 in) Width 1,735 mm (68.3 in) Height 1,865 mm (73.4 in) The Land Cruiser 55 was produced from 1967 to 1980. Toyota refers to the FJ55G and FJ55V as the first 'real' in the Land Cruiser series, thus marking the beginning of the station wagon branch. It was the first Land Cruiser to have fully enclosed box frame members. Of all the Land Cruiser wagons sold in the U.S., including the FJ45, it is the only one to not have hatch and tailgate in the rear, but rather a tailgate only with an electrically operated window that can be retracted into the tailgate. 1967 – Production of the FJ55 began. The FJ55 was a 4-door station wagon version based on the FJ40's Drive-train, replacing the 4-Door FJ45V (I). It was colloquially known as the '.

It has also been referred to as a ' or an 'iron pig'. The FJ55 had a longer 2700 mm and was designed to be sold in North America and Australia. Jan 1975 saw the F engine replaced by the 2F engine. Unusual for Toyota, the model (e.g.

FJ55) did not change. Model 56 is in Japan only, with 2F engine (January 1975 – July 1980). 4-speed H41F or H42F. 4-speed.

5-speed H55F manual (non-US) Dimensions 2,730 mm (107.5 in) Length 4,675 mm (184.1 in) Width 1,800 mm (70.9 in) Height 1,750 mm (68.9 in) The Land Cruiser 60 series was produced from 1980 through 1990 for most markets but the Cumana Plant in Venezuela continued until 1992 for their local market. It is a front engine, four door wagon which can seat five to eight people. Like all Land Cruiser generations, it is well known in the off-road world for its off-road abilities but was somewhat limited by its awkward departure angles. The 60 series was available in the following solid exterior colors: Alpine White, Brown, Desert Beige, Freeborn Red, Royal Blue; and in the following metallic exterior colors: Charcoal Gray, Cognac, Gray-Blue, Rootbeer, Sky Blue, Stardust Silver. 1980 — The 60 series was introduced.

While still retaining the rugged off-road characteristics of previous Land Cruisers, the 60 was designed to better compete in the emerging market. The 60 was given a variety of comforts like, a rear heater and an upgraded interior. The FJ60's '2F' petrol engine was left unchanged from the '40' series while six-cylinder 4.0 L 2H and 3.4 L 3B were added to the product line.

1981 – Land Cruiser sales surpassed 1 and a high-roof version was introduced. The 60 series was introduced to South Africa when a stock Land Cruiser competed in the Toyota 1000 Desert Race in the punishing wilds of. 1984 – This was the final year for the 40 series. 1984 – Alongside the 60 series, the was introduced. 1985 – The 12H-T engine was introduced.

1988 – The petrol engine was upgraded to a 4.0 L 3F-E EFI engine. The FJ62G VX-Series was introduced allowing the Land Cruiser to be sold in Japan as a passenger vehicle. 2,084 kg (4,594 lb) (1990–92). 2,159 kg (4,760 lb) (1993–97) The Land Cruiser 80 series was unveiled in October 1989 at the Tokyo Motor Show and launched in early 1990. It had swing-out back doors, which were replaced by a tailgate and hatch in 1994.

The Land Cruiser was nicknamed the Burbuja (Bubble) in and Venezuela due to its roundness. The J80 was initially offered in two versions in these countries: the fully loaded VX and an entry level model that included a vinyl interior with optional air conditioning. In 1996, the entry model was upgraded to a medium equipped model named Autana, including cloth upholstery, standard air conditioning and power driver seat. The name is a reference to the mesa, a spectacular plateau and cave system along the. Land Cruiser sales reached 2 million vehicles. 1990 – The 80 series was introduced, replacing the 60 series.

All 80s sold in North America and Europe now have a full-time system. In Japan, Africa, and Australia, a part-time system was still available. 80s produced between 1990 and 1991 had an open centre differential which was lockable in 4HI and automatically locked in 4LO. From 1992 onward, vehicles with had a viscous coupling that sent a maximum of 30% torque to the non-slipping axle. The differential was lockable in 4HI and automatically locked in 4LO. 1990 – A new generation of diesel engines were introduced, adding to the engines available in the 80 series.

The 80 series came with either a six-cylinder naturally aspirated petrol engine, a six-cylinder SOHC naturally aspirated diesel engine, , or a 1HD-T turbo diesel. 1991 – By mid-1991 the was introduced to the Australian market, a fuel injected version of the.

1993 – An advanced 24-valve, 4.5 L six-cylinder petrol engine, was introduced. Larger brakes were added from October 1992 and the total wheelbase was made slightly longer. Front and rear axle lockers (code k294) appeared as an option. The High Pinion Electric Locking front differential become available in US models. In May 1993 Toyota began using R134 refrigerant in the air conditioning system. Serial numbers lower than JT3DJ81xxxxx38947 use R12 refrigerant. 1994 – A limited edition Land Cruiser Blue Marlin (FZJ80R) was introduced into the Australian market.

They have 4.5 L straight 6 petrol motors with double-overhead cams, automatic or manual transmission and 158 kW (215 PS; 212 hp) at 4600 rpm. The car is blue from the fish and they have the Blue Marlin logo throughout the car. Some of the features that the Blue Marlin included were altimeters, power windows, disk brakes, leather gear knob and steering wheel, central locking, leather trim, chrome handles and sidesteps, 16' alloy wheels, limited-slip differential, anti-lock brakes (ABS), power steering, CD and cassette players, flares, and a limited edition bull bar. Only 500 were made. 1995 – Driver and passenger were introduced as were adjustable shoulder-belt anchors and an. The 'T O Y O T A' badge was replaced with the modern Toyota logo (which is sometimes described as a 'bean with a hat' aka 'the sombrero'). 1996 – In the, a pair of Land Cruisers finished first and second in the unmodified production class.

All American and British 80s adopted anti-lock brakes and airbags as standard equipment. The Land Cruiser was withdrawn from Canada this year and was replaced by the. 1997 – A limited run of Land Cruiser 80s was built specifically for collectors and therefore called the Land Cruiser Collector's Edition. The Collectors Edition sported Collectors Edition badging, 'Collector's Edition' embroidered floor mats, automatic climate control, wheels with the 'D' windows painted dark grey and special grey side moldings, and black pearl badging.

The Collectors Edition was only available for the 1997 model year and the package was added to many of the available body colors. 1997 – 4744 FZJ80 Land Cruisers were sold in the United States as '40th Anniversary Limited Edition' models.

They were available in 2 colours; Antique Sage Pearl (often referred to as Riverrock, Pewter, or Grey) and Emerald Green. The 40th Anniversary models included apron badges, a serial number badge on the centre console, black pearl exterior badges, '40th Anniversary Limited Edition' embroidered floor mats, automatic climate control, two-tone tan and brown leather interiors, and wheels with the 'D' windows painted dark gray. Many were manufactured with the optional electric front and rear locking differentials, keyless entry, port-installed roof racks, and running boards. There are some examples that did not have many of these extras. This is the last year for the electric locking front differentials.

2008 – Last 80-Series vehicle was built in Venezuela which was the only country producing the vehicles after production ended in Japan in 1997. Interior Designation Engine Power Torque Availability FJ80R/L 4.0 L petrol I6 112 kW (152 PS; 150 hp) at 4,000 rpm 290 N⋅m (214 lb⋅ft) at 3,000 rpm Australia, North America FZJ80R/L 4.5 L petrol I6 158 kW (215 PS; 212 hp) at 4,600 rpm 373 N⋅m (275 lb⋅ft) at 3,200 rpm Australia, states, North Africa, North America HDJ80R 4.2 L turbodiesel I6 115 kW (156 PS; 154 hp) at 3,600 rpm 357 N⋅m (263 lb⋅ft) at 1,800 rpm Australia HZJ80R 4.2 L diesel I6 96 kW (131 PS; 129 hp) at 4,000 rpm 271 N⋅m (200 lb⋅ft) at 2,000 rpm Australia R means version, excluding. Pre-facelift Toyota Land Cruiser GXL (FZJ105; Australia) There are two distinct versions of the 100-series, the 100 and the 105. The two versions look very similar, but there are significant differences under the bodywork. Despite these differences and official model names, both the 100 and 105 are collectively known as the 100 series. The 105 carried over the majority of its chassis and powertrain from the 80-series with coil suspended front and rear, and straight-6 petrol and diesel engines. These models were only sold in African, Australian, Russian, and South American markets.

In 1998, it introduced a suspension system combining (AHC) and TEMS on the Land Cruiser J100 In 2002 Toyota introduced Night View, the first worldwide series production active system, on the Cygnus or 470. This system uses the headlight projectors emitting near infrared light aimed like the car's highbeam headlights and a then captures that reflected radiation, this signal is then processed by computer which produces a black-and-white image which is projected on the lower section of the windshield. It was also the first Toyota with The 100 models were fitted with a slightly wider chassis, (IFS) and two new engines. The change to IFS was a first for a Land Cruiser, and was made (in combination with ) to improve on-road handling.

However it also limited the vehicle's off-road capability and durability, hence the decision to offer the solid axle 105 models alongside the IFS 100 models in some markets. The table below identifies the range of 100 and 105 models and their worldwide availability. Despite the 100 and 105 bodies being very similar, there are some exterior visual indications between both models. The most obvious is the front end of the vehicle often appearing lower than the rear on the 100 models, due to the IFS.

Toyota Land Cruiser 76

The other indicator is the design of the wheels. The 100 models have almost flat wheel designs, while the 105 models have dished wheels. This difference allows both versions to retain similar wheel tracks, despite the 100 having a relatively wider axle track to allow for the IFS system. The introduction of a V8 engine was also a first for a Land Cruiser, and was specifically intended to improve sales in the North-American market, where it was the only engine available. In Australia, the 100 V8 was initially only available in the range-topping GXV model, while entry and mid-range models were the 105 powered by the I6 petrol, or diesel engines. The new turbo-diesel 100 was added to the Australian range in October 2000 after being available in Europe and the UK since launch in 1998.

The 4WD media in Australia were critical of Toyota's decision to offer the acclaimed 1HD-FTE engine only in combination with IFS. Australian 4WD Monthly magazine said 'We will never forgive Toyota for going independent at the front with the mighty 4.2 turbo-diesel'. The 100 series formed the basis for the, which was also sold in Japan as the Toyota Cygnus.

The 100 series was called the Toyota Land Cruiser Amazon in the UK and Ireland from 1998 to 2007. In 2000, Toyota celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Land Cruiser with commemorative models offered in several countries. Total global production to date was 3.72 million vehicles. The 100 series remained in production until late 2007, with several minor facelifts such as headlights, taillights, front grille, rear spoiler and specification changes introduced over the years. 6-speed.

8-speed. 5-speed. 5-speed manual Dimensions 2,850 mm (112.2 in) Length 4,950 mm (194.9 in) Width 1,970 mm (77.6 in) Height 1,880 mm (74.0 in) 2,405–2,725 kg (5,302–6,008 lb) In 2002, a 5-year development plan on a successor to the 100-series platform commenced under Sadayoshi Koyari and Tetsuya Tada. By 2004, 10 years after the design selection of its predecessor in 1994, a final production design was settled on for the 2008 J200. Prototype related tests were conducted for over 2 years between 2004 and early 2007.

The redesigned Toyota Land Cruiser was introduced in late 2007. Known as the 200 Series, it shares the 's platform and overall design. The frame was new, derived from the second-generation Tundra but shortened and strengthened by 20 percent. Bigger brake rotors and calipers were added and the front suspension was made heavier duty than the Land Cruiser's first effort at IFS in the 100-series and this underbelly is also protected by skid plates. Also, the roof pillars were redesigned to better protect occupants in a rollover. Interior The 200 Series encountered some criticism due to its bland body restyling, with some claiming that Toyota has 'overdeveloped' the classic trademarked Land Cruiser identity in its efforts to fit the Land Cruiser into modern 21st century motoring and vehicle design. Nonetheless, the Land Cruiser remains the vehicle of choice and remains a competent off-road vehicle.

The vehicle entered production in September 2007 and was available for sale from September or November, depending on country. It became available in Venezuela for sale early in November under the local nickname of 'Roraima' (taken from ). Early reliability has proven to be excellent. The 200 Series, offered numerous features and upgrades over its predecessor not limited to the cosmetic changes made to the body and interior, including:. Smart Entry — A sensor is triggered when the remote is brought near the vehicle, allowing the user to simply touch the door handle to open it. Smart Start — Start/Stop push button for ignition; a key is not required.

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